Thyroid Cancer
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and plays an important role in a person´s well-being. It is part of the endocrine system, which regulates specific body functions. The thyroid generates hormones that control the body´s heart rate, blood pressure, temperature and metabolism.
Thyroid cancer develops when cells of the thyroid grow uncontrollably. Fortunately, most thyroid tumors are benign (non-cancerous).
Cancer of the thyroid is uncommon, accounting for about 1% of all cancers diagnosed. However, it has become the 8th most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. Fortunately most thyroid cancers are treatable. Early detection, accurate diagnosis, precise treatment and scheduled follow-up can result in a healthy prognosis.
Symptoms of Thyroid Cancer
As with other cancers, early detection is an important factor for successful treatment. Symptoms should be given prompt attention. They include:
- A lump on the side of the neck
- Hoarseness of the voice
- Difficulty swallowing
Those who have experienced prior exposure to radiation in the head and neck region are at particular risk.
Diagnosing Thyroid Cancer
Most thyroid cancer is diagnosed by using an ultrasound to characterize the tumour and fine needle aspiration to obtain tissue for more precise tumour typing. A blood test is used to determine the function level of the thyroid.
Thyroid Cancer Treatment
The primary treatment methods for thyroid cancer are:
- Thyroidectomy - surgery to remove the cancerous gland
- Radioactive iodine - used to destroy any cancerous cells remaining in the body after surgery
- Thyroid hormone suppression therapy
- Further treatments may include radiation therapy, chemotherapy and/or a combination of the two treatments – for certain type of cancer
Follow up Care
You will have follow-up visits, routine exams and blood tests to
- monitor you thyroid hormone level
- check for any recurrence
- thyroid scan for recurrence
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